SC160 Lesson 7 Exam SCORE 95 PERCENT

Exam 7 SC160
Question 1 (5 points)
 
What characteristic is unique to echinoderms?
Question 1 options:

A lack of segmentation

A water vascular system

Suction-cup-like feet

Larvae with bilateral symmetry
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Question 2 (5 points)
 
Rays are a type of:
Question 2 options:

tunicate.

cartilaginous fish.

jawless fish.

bony fish.
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Question 3 (5 points)
 
Nearly all __________ are aquatic.
Question 3 options:

crustaceans

arachnids

flatworms

roundworms
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Question 4 (5 points)
 
Unique features of vertebrates include the presence of a(n):
Question 4 options:

endoskeleton.

notochord.

skull and backbone.

pharyngeal slit.
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Question 5 (5 points)
 
Why are bryophytes considered incompletely liberated from their ancestral aquatic habitat?
Question 5 options:

Their embryos do not develop within gametangia.

Their sperm are flagellated.

The gametophyte generation is dominant.

They lack a cuticle.
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Question 6 (5 points)
 
The first hominid to spread beyond Africa was:
Question 6 options:

"Lucy".

<i>Australopithecus afarensis.</i>

<i>Homo erectus.</i>

<i>Homo neanderthalensis.</i>
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Question 7 (5 points)
 
How do New World monkeys differ from Old World monkeys?
Question 7 options:

New World monkeys have a prehensile tail.

New World monkeys have enhanced depth perception.

Old World monkeys are arboreal.

New World monkeys have nails; Old World monkeys have claws.
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Question 8 (5 points)
 
What important role do fungi play in many ecosystems?
Question 8 options:

They decompose organic material.

They pollinate plants.

They disperse the fruits of angiosperms.

They perform photosynthesis
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Question 9 (5 points)
 
The function of a mushroom is to:
Question 9 options:

produce seeds.

store nutrients.

produce spores.

absorb food.
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Question 10 (5 points)
 
The mobile stage of the cnidarian life cycle is the __________ stage.
Question 10 options:

instar

polyp

tadpole

medusa
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Question 11 (5 points)
 
__________, a chemical that hardens cell walls and supports terrestrial plants, is found in all plants EXCEPT __________.
Question 11 options:

Lignin; bryophytes

Cellulose; bryophytes

Calcium carbonate; ferns

Lignin; ferns and bryophytes
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Question 12 (5 points)
 
Like plants, fungi have __________; however, in plants they are composed of __________, whereas in fungi they are composed of __________.
Question 12 options:

cell walls; cellulose; chitin

cell walls; cellulose; peptidoglycan

cell membranes; phospholipids; peptidoglycan

cell walls; phospholipids; cellulose
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Question 13 (5 points)
 
Which of these human characteristics evolved first?
Question 13 options:

Enlarged brain

Erect posture

Language

Loss of body hair
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Question 14 (5 points)
 
What is this organism?
 
Question 14 options:

Fern

Fungus

Bryophyte

Gymnosperm
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Question 15 (5 points)
 
Which of these adaptations to a terrestrial existence evolved most recently?
Question 15 options:

Vascular tissue

Seeds

Gametangia

Cuticle
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Question 16 (5 points)
 
Why are ferns considered incompletely adapted to the terrestrial environment, when compared with other plants?
Question 16 options:

They lack vascular tissue.

Their sperm are flagellated.

The gametophyte generation is dominant.

They lack gametangia.
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Question 17 (5 points)
 
A true coelom is:
Question 17 options:

completely lined with tissue derived from endoderm.

completely lined with tissue derived from mesoderm.

formed when a zygote develops into a blastula.

completely lined with tissue derived from ectoderm.
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Question 18 (5 points)
 
What are hyphae?
Question 18 options:

Symbiotic associations between plant roots and fungi

Threadlike filaments that make up fungal bodies

Fungal reproductive structures

Fungal spores
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Question 19 (5 points)
 
Where did humans first appear?
Question 19 options:

South America

Africa

Asia

Europe
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Question 20 (5 points)
 
Annelids are most closely related to:
 
Question 20 options:

chordates.

arthropods.  (Incorrect)

molluscs.
    echinoderms.

SC160 Lesson..5, 6 Exam SCORE 100 PERCENT

Lesson 6 Exam
Question 1        2.5 / 2.5 points
Which one of the following is the only domain that contains eukaryotes?
Question options:

Animalia

Plantae

Archaea

Eukarya
Question 2        2.5 / 2.5 points
RNAs that can act as enzymes are called:
Question options:

ribozymes.

ATPs.

lysosomes.

prokaryotes.
Question 3        2.5 / 2.5 points
You discover a prokaryote that can make its own food in the absence of light. Nutritionally, you would classify this prokaryote as a:
Question options:

chemoautotroph.

photoheterotroph.

photoautotroph.

heterotroph.
Question 4        2.5 / 2.5 points
The science of naming, identifying, and classifying organisms is called:
Question options:

biogeography.

zoography.

phylogeny.

taxonomy.
Question 5        2.5 / 2.5 points
Which of the following is a colonial form of green algae?
Question options:

<i>Volvox</i>

<i>Giardia</i>

<i>Paramecium</i>

<i>Plasmodium</i>
Question 6        2.5 / 2.5 points
Which of the following is NOT true?
Question options:

The great diversification of animals occurred during the Cambrian explosion.

For most of biological history, life was confined to aquatic habitats.

The evolution of multicellularity took place after the origin of the eukaryotes.

The first organisms to colonize land were animals.
Question 7        2.5 / 2.5 points
Feathers in birds appear to have first evolved for insulation but later conveyed a new advantage in helping create light aerodynamic surfaces. This switch in function is an example of:
Question options:

paedomorphosis.

punctuated equilibrium.

convergent evolution.

an exaptation.
Question 8        2.5 / 2.5 points
Molecular systematics might examine all of the following types of data EXCEPT:
Question options:

proteins.

DNA sequences.

amino acid sequences.

anatomical features.
Question 9        2.5 / 2.5 points
__________ are responsible for toxic red tides.
Question options:

Plasmodial slime molds

Dinoflagellates

Red algae

Diatoms
Question 10        2.5 / 2.5 points
Speciation requires:
Question options:

periods of rapid evolutionary change.

geographic isolation.

long periods of time.

genetic isolation.
Question 11        2.5 / 2.5 points
An ancestral species and all its evolutionary descendants define a:
Question options:

outgroup.

clade.

genus.

ingroup.
Question 12        2.5 / 2.5 points
Prokaryotes reproduce by means of:
Question options:

mitosis.

binary fission.

budding.

meiosis.
Question 13        2.5 / 2.5 points
Endosymbiosis explains the origin of the __________ of eukaryotes.
Question options:

chloroplasts and mitochondria

endomembrane system

nuclear envelope

membrane-bound organelles
Question 14        2.5 / 2.5 points
Which of the following would be an example of paedomorphosis?
Question options:

Starfish regenerating severed limbs

Rapid evolution in a small, isolated population

Two species evolving a similar appearance

The ability to reproduce evolving in caterpillars
Question 15        2.5 / 2.5 points
The wing of a penguin is __________ the wing of a butterfly.
Question options:

structurally identical to

superior to

homologous to

analogous to
Question 16        2.5 / 2.5 points
The absence of __________ in the primitive atmosphere was essential to the origin of life on Earth.
Question options:

N₂

CO₂

CH₄

O₂
Question 17        2.5 / 2.5 points
A period of mass extinction is often followed by:
Question options:

explosive diversification.

nonbranching evolution.

global cooling.

equilibrium.
Question 18        2.5 / 2.5 points
Land was first colonized about __________ years ago.
Question options:

100 million

500 million

1.7 billion

2.5 billion
Question 19        2.5 / 2.5 points
Of the following taxonomic levels, species found within the same __________ are the most closely related.
Question options:

family

phylum

order

domain
Question 20        2.5 / 2.5 points
Variation among pre-cells was due to:
Question options:

genetic drift.

natural selection.

the bottleneck effect.

mutation.
Lesson 5 Exam
Question 21        2.5 / 2.5 points
Which one of the following statements is true?
Question options:

Natural selection works on variation already present in a population.

Natural selection works on non-heritable traits.

Individuals evolve through natural selection.

Organisms evolve structures that they need.
Question 22        2.5 / 2.5 points
The oldest known fossils are from about __________ years ago.
Question options:

3.5 billion

6,000

4.0 million

1.0 billion
Question 23        2.5 / 2.5 points
While on the Beagle, Darwin was influenced by a book by Charles Lyell that suggested that Earth was __________ and sculpted by geologic processes that __________ today.
Question options:

old; continue

old; no longer occur

young; continue

young; no longer occur
Question 24        2.5 / 2.5 points
The human genome contains approximately __________ genes.
Question options:

1,000-2,000

50,000-60,000

21,000

2,000-3,000
Question 25        2.5 / 2.5 points
Which one of the following can create new alleles?
Question options:

Bottleneck Effect

Sexual reproduction

Mutation

Founder Effect
Question 26        2.5 / 2.5 points
The presence of freckles is due to a dominant allele. Four percent of the individuals in a particular population lack freckles. Use the Hardy-Weinberg formula to calculate the percentage of individuals in this population who are homozygous dominant for freckles.
Question options:

32%

4%

64%

80%
Question 27        2.5 / 2.5 points
Your family is taking a long driving vacation across the midwestern and western United States. As you travel, you notice that the flowers, birds, and trees of the Midwest and the Rocky Mountains are very different. As you ponder why, you remember that such differences in the distribution of species are part of the field of:
Question options:

paleontology.

geology.

biogeography.

morphology.
Question 28        2.5 / 2.5 points
The Human Genome Project has the potential to:
Question options:

lead to treatments for inherited diseases.

lead to treatments for contagious diseases.

increase our understanding of the historical relationships among species.

play a role in all of the above answer choices.
Question 29        2.5 / 2.5 points
The possibility that Mongolian ruler Genghis Khan spread an unusual chromosome to nearly 16 million men living today resulted from studies of:
Question options:

proteomics.

cDNA.

the X chromosome.

the Y chromosome.
Question 30        2.5 / 2.5 points
A DNA fragment with a sticky end that reads -ATTCG will bind with another DNA fragment with a sticky end that reads:
Question options:

TAAGC-.

CGGAT-.

GCCTA-.

ATTGC-.
Question 31        2.5 / 2.5 points
Genetically modifying human __________ cells may directly affect future generations.
Question options:

intestinal

immune

gametic

somatic
Question 32        2.5 / 2.5 points
The scientific field that studies complete sets of genes is called:
Question options:

genomics.

recombinant DNA.

proteomics.

restriction enzyme.
Question 33        2.5 / 2.5 points
Which enzyme is used to bind DNA fragments together?
Question options:

Restriction enzyme

Telomerase

DNA ligase

DNA polymerase
Question 34        2.5 / 2.5 points
Which of the following is NOT a requirement of natural selection?
Question options:

Differential reproductive success

Overproduction of offspring

Genetic variation

Catastrophic events
Question 35        2.5 / 2.5 points
The total collection of alleles in a population at any one time make up that population's:
Question options:

gene pool.

genotype.

heterozygosity.

polymorphic pool.
Question 36        2.5 / 2.5 points
You are attempting to link an individual to a crime. The only evidence you have is a tiny drop of blood. How can you use this drop of blood to make the association?
Question options:

You can use the sample to determine the individual's ABO blood group.

You can use gel electrophoresis to determine the length of the DNA found in the sample.

You can use PCR to increase the amount of DNA available for restriction fragment analysis.

You can use the sample to check for the presence of the Rhesus factor.
Question 37        2.5 / 2.5 points
Natural selection results in:
Question options:

increased genetic variation.

a population that is better adapted to a future environment.

a population that is adapted to its current environment.

an increase in the size of a population.
Question 38        2.5 / 2.5 points
Which of the following is most likely to decrease genetic variation?
Question options:

Directional selection

Mutation

Stabilizing selection

Diversifying selection
Question 39        2.5 / 2.5 points
Nucleic acid probes are used to:
Question options:

find a specific nucleotide sequence.

isolate bacterial genes.

destroy clones that do not carry the recombinant plasmid of interest.

synthesize a RNA strand complementary to a stickyend.
Question 40        2.5 / 2.5 points
A collection of cloned DNA fragments that includes an organism's entire genome is called a:
Question options:

phenotypic library.

gene repository.

clone collection.

genomic library.

PY365 Week 3 Threaded Discussion

Using examples, outline the benefits and limitations of Intellectual Property Protection.

A number of courts have been faced with infringement claims arising in connection with Internet activities. In fact, most Internet-related disputes arise in the context of domain disputes. Please research the topic of Internet trademark infringement and provide at least one example. What is your opinion related to Internet trademark infringement?

PY360 Week 6 Discussion

Discuss three or more uses of computer simulation. Cite your sources in APA format.

Are we living in a computer simulation?

According to Michael J. Quinn, "Sometimes the effects of a computer error are trivial...At other times computer malfunctions result in a real inconvenience...On a few occasions, failures in a computerized system have even resulted in fatalities." Please provide an example for each of these three possibilities.

 

PY360 Week 5 Discussion

Provide at least two (2) examples of crimes on the Internet that were identified as crimes before the Internet existed. What has their impact been in an online environment?

Define hacker. Discuss how the term was used originally and how it is used now.

 

PY360 Assignment 5

Assignment 5

PY360 Ethics in Technology

Directions:  Be sure to make an electronic copy of your answer before submitting it to Ashworth College for grading.  Unless otherwise stated, answer in complete sentences, and be sure to use correct English spelling and grammar.  Sources must be cited in APA format.  Your response should be a minimum of one (1) single-spaced page to a maximum of two (2) pages in length; refer to the "Assignment Format" page for specific format requirements.

 

 

Write a short essay for each of the following topics.

 

Part 1:  Provide a detailed description of what worms and Trojan horses are.

 

Part 2:  The example of releasing a worm given in the text is the situation where Morris stated his goal was to see how many Internet computers he could infect with the worm.  He was not thinking about the computers he would crash and that data that would be lost. 

 

1.      Consider the morality of the issue of releasing a worm.  State if Morris's release of a worm would be morally justifiable according to Kantian ethics.  Provide a discussion of Kantian ethics and fully explain your position regarding Morris's actions.

 

2.      Consider the morality of the issue of releasing a worm.  State if Morris's release of a worm would be morally justifiable according to Utilitarian ethics.  Provide a discussion of Utilitarianism and fully explain your position regarding Morris's actions.

 

Total possible points of 100 include ten (10) points for organization and use of language, including grammar and punctuation.

 

 

 

 

PY360 Assignment 3

Assignment 3

PY360 Ethics in Technology

Directions:  Be sure to make an electronic copy of your answer before submitting it to Ashworth College for grading.  Unless otherwise stated, answer in complete sentences, and be sure to use correct English spelling and grammar.  Sources must be cited in APA format.  Your response should be a minimum of one (1) single-spaced page to a maximum of two (2) pages in length; refer to the "Assignment Format" page for specific format requirements.

 

 

Write a short essay for each of the following topics.

 

1.      Define copyright, trade secrecy, and patents as they relate to software.

 

2.      The owner of a copyright has five (5) principle rights. What are they?

 

3.      Discuss the legal protections related to copyright, trade secrecy, and patents. Include an example for each where legal protection has been enforced.

 

Total possible points of 100 include ten (10) points for organization and use of language, including grammar and punctuation.