E04 Guidance and Discipline Assignment 08

Directions: Be sure to make an electronic copy of your answer before submitting it to Ashworth College for grading. Unless otherwise stated, answer in complete sentences, and be sure to use correct English, spelling and grammar. Sources must be cited in APA format. Your response should be four (4) pages in length; refer to the "Assignment Format" page for specific format requirements.

Let's say you have been reflecting on your first few weeks as a preschool teacher. You often find yourself asking yourself things like, "Is this child just grumpy, or is there something more going on?" "Why aren't the children cooperating?" "How can I manage this negative behavior that is occurring? Is there something more I can do?" With that in mind, consider the scenarios in Part A and Part B.

Part A

Three-year-old Tommy is crying and upset because he can't draw a truck like Sam's.

For this scenario

• Determine the cause of the behavior. Provide one (1) supporting fact to justify your answer, citing your source.
• Develop a guidance approach that you might use to address the cause of the behavior. Provide one (1) supporting fact to justify your approach, citing your source.

Part B

The block area is a popular area within the classroom. By the time clean-up arrives, nearly every block is on the floor. As clean-up is announced, children move to other areas, refusing to assist in clean-up of blocks.

For this scenario, describe

• two (2) possible causes
• two (2) possible guidance strategies. Justify your strategies.

 

E04 Lesson 1 Exam (Repeat) SCORE 100 PERCENT

Question 1        5 / 5 points
Walking, running, sitting, crawling, and other activities require:
Question options:
 
a)     dexterity.

 
b)     fine motor skills.

 
c)     small-muscle movements.

 
d)     gross motor skills.

Question 2        5 / 5 points
Physical abilities, emotional development, and levels of ________________ combine to determine current levels of social skill.
Question options:
 
a)     discipline

 
b)     frequent disruptions

 
c)     intellectual understanding

 
d)     peer acceptance

Question 3        5 / 5 points
Mrs. Spencer is noticing behavior problems during her preschool circle time. The group time starts well, and children listen to the story, but she cannot get children to behave for the entire 30-minute lesson after the story. This is probably because the children:
Question options:
 
a)     do not like circle time.

 
b)     do not like Mrs. Spencer.

 
c)     are being asked to sit too long.

 
d)     cannot understand the story.

Question 4        5 / 5 points
For children to master prosocial behavior, this involves:
Question options:
 
a)     learning to successfully enter play.

 
b)     voluntary kindness and concern for others.

 
c)     willingness to work at perspective-taking.

 
d)     social competence.

Question 5        5 / 5 points
____________ strongly contributes to children's unique paths of emotional development.
Question options:
 
a)     Discipline

 
b)     Physical activity

 
c)     Society

 
d)     Temperament

Question 6        5 / 5 points
Physical games requiring children to watch and mimic movements help to develop____________, aiding in the development of reading and writing skills.
Question options:
 
a)     self-restraint

 
b)     sensory integration

 
c)     problem-solving skills

 
d)     empathy

Question 7        5 / 5 points
Which one of the following basic ideas is the foundation for the development of moral autonomy in children?
Question options:
 
a)     Mutual respect between adult and child

 
b)     Children in full obedience of adults

 
c)     Giving children rewards for good behavior

 
d)     Solving children's arguments for them

Question 8        5 / 5 points
_____________ discipline approaches help children quickly learn to negotiate solutions to problems, resolve their own conflicts, and self-direct their learning activity.
Question options:
 
a)     Constructivist

 
b)     Behaviorist

 
c)     Permissive

 
d)     Authoritarian

Question 9        5 / 5 points
In a(n) ___________ classroom, children are MOST likely to develop high self-esteem, good social skills, and self-discipline.
Question options:
 
a)     permissive

 
b)     constructivist

 
c)     authoritarian

 
d)     maturationist

Question 10        5 / 5 points
The authors of the textbook define discipline as helping children learn responsibility for their __________ and the ability to judge between right and wrong for themselves.
Question options:
 
a)     punishment

 
b)     classroom

 
c)     belongings

 
d)     behavior

Question 11        5 / 5 points
The way children deal with the rules of a game can help adults understand how children deal with:
Question options:
 
a)     societal rules and expectations.

 
b)     punishment.

 
c)     schoolwork.

 
d)     other children.

Question 12        5 / 5 points
Eating all of the following EXCEPT too __________ can lead to a sugar crash, which can affect children's behavior in different ways, leading some to become impulsive, and others to become withdrawn or distracted.
Question options:
 
a)     much sugar

 
b)     little protein

 
c)     much protein

 
d)     few complex carbohydrates

Question 13        5 / 5 points
To help children feel they have some personal power over their world, it is important to offer them choices and to say, "___________" to them as seldom as possible.
Question options:
 
a)     no

 
b)     yes

 
c)     because I said so

 
d)     maybe

Question 14        5 / 5 points
Missing __________ skills are the single most common cause of discipline problems.
Question options:
 
a)     debate

 
b)     reasoning

 
c)     behavioral

 
d)     social

Question 15        5 / 5 points
Physical movement increases __________ to the brain, helping children think well and focus better.
Question options:
 
a)     blood flow

 
b)     carbon dioxide

 
c)     vitamin C

 
d)     antioxidants

Question 16        5 / 5 points
Which approach is LEAST likely to be seen in schools?
Question options:
 
a)     Behaviorist

 
b)     Authoritative

 
c)     Constructivist

 
d)     Maturationist

Question 17        5 / 5 points
Helping children learn from their experiences and from thinking about those experiences is known as:
Question options:
 
a)     behaviorism.

 
b)     maturationism.

 
c)     constructivism.

 
d)     authoritarian.

Question 18        5 / 5 points
Two children are fighting over the blue marker. According to constructivist discipline, what is the BEST approach for the teacher or caregiver in this situation?
Question options:
 
a)     Take the blue marker from both children and tell them to clean up their work, since they cannot get along.

 
b)     Stand back and see if the children can resolve the problem themselves. Intervene if necessary to guide them to developing their own solution to the problem.

 
c)     Put both children in time out and tell them that the blue marker is at your desk, and they can have it back if they come up with a solution to their disagreement.

 
d)     Give them a lecture about how to share. Make sure both understand that they are not behaving in a manner appropriate for school.

Question 19        5 / 5 points
The __________ system to discipline emphasizes praise, rewards, and punishments to mold behavior.
Question options:
 
a)     constructivist

 
b)     maturationist

 
c)     democratic

 
d)     behaviorist

Question 20        5 / 5 points
Appropriate guidance and ___________ must be tied to developmental levels.
Question options:
 
a)     discipline

 
b)     friends

 
c)     choices

 
d)     toys

E04 Lesson 1 Exam SCORE 85 PERCENT

Question 1        5 / 5 points
Missing __________ skills are the single most common cause of discipline problems.
Question options:
 
a)     debate

 
b)     reasoning

 
c)     behavioral

 
d)     social

Question 2        5 / 5 points
Helping children learn from their experiences and from thinking about those experiences is known as:
Question options:
 
a)     behaviorism.

 
b)     maturationism.

 
c)     constructivism.

 
d)     authoritarian.

Question 3        5 / 5 points
Physical movement increases __________ to the brain, helping children think well and focus better.
Question options:
 
a)     blood flow

 
b)     carbon dioxide

 
c)     vitamin C

 
d)     antioxidants

Question 4        5 / 5 points
A person with the self-discipline known as ____________ is kind to others simply out of feelings of respect for other human beings.
Question options:
 
a)     obedience

 
b)     moral autonomy

 
c)     punishment

 
d)     manipulation

Question 5        0 / 5 points
The skills children learn through _____________ are important skills for preventing and solving discipline problems.
Question options:
 
a)     read alouds

 
b)     conflicts

 
c)     physical play

 
d)     trial and error

Question 6        5 / 5 points
Eating all of the following EXCEPT too __________ can lead to a sugar crash, which can affect children's behavior in different ways, leading some to become impulsive, and others to become withdrawn or distracted.
Question options:
 
a)     much sugar

 
b)     little protein

 
c)     much protein

 
d)     few complex carbohydrates

Question 7        0 / 5 points
Which approach is LEAST likely to be seen in schools?
Question options:
 
a)     Behaviorist

 
b)     Authoritative

 
c)     Constructivist

 
d)     Maturationist

Question 8        5 / 5 points
Two children are fighting over the blue marker. According to constructivist discipline, what is the BEST approach for the teacher or caregiver in this situation?
Question options:
 
a)     Take the blue marker from both children and tell them to clean up their work, since they cannot get along.

 
b)     Stand back and see if the children can resolve the problem themselves. Intervene if necessary to guide them to developing their own solution to the problem.

 
c)     Put both children in time out and tell them that the blue marker is at your desk, and they can have it back if they come up with a solution to their disagreement.

 
d)     Give them a lecture about how to share. Make sure both understand that they are not behaving in a manner appropriate for school.

Question 9        5 / 5 points
Compliance is the target goal in ___________ models.
Question options:
 
a)     maturationist

 
b)     behaviorist

 
c)     constructivist

 
d)     authoritarian

Question 10        5 / 5 points
The coordination of small-muscle movements, usually involving the synchronization the eyes with hands and fingers is known as:
Question options:
 
a)     fine motor skills.

 
b)     large muscle movement.

 
c)     gross motor skills.

 
d)     uniformity.

Question 11        5 / 5 points
According to Erikson, at which stage do babies learn whether or not the world around them is safe?
Question options:
 
a)     Industry versus inferiority

 
b)     Initiative versus guilt

 
c)     Autonomy versus shame

 
d)     Trust versus mistrust

Question 12        5 / 5 points
Erikson's __________ stage of development involves children's behaviors either mirroring their good feelings about themselves or negative feelings about themselves.
Question options:
 
a)     autonomy vs. shame

 
b)     initiative vs. guilt

 
c)     trust vs. mistrust

 
d)     industry vs. inferiority

Question 13        5 / 5 points
Appropriate guidance and ___________ must be tied to developmental levels.
Question options:
 
a)     discipline

 
b)     friends

 
c)     choices

 
d)     toys

Question 14        0 / 5 points
Erikson's _______________ stage is when children work on defining themselves as separate from the adults they have long depended upon.
Question options:
 
a)     autonomy vs. shame

 
b)     trust vs. mistrust

 
c)     industry vs. inferiority

 
d)     initiative vs. guilt

Question 15        5 / 5 points
Children's unique temperament and attachment experiences play a big role in their:
Question options:
 
a)     friend associations.

 
b)     emotional development.

 
c)     trust of teachers.

 
d)     environment.

Question 16        5 / 5 points
The way children deal with the rules of a game can help adults understand how children deal with:
Question options:
 
a)     societal rules and expectations.

 
b)     punishment.

 
c)     schoolwork.

 
d)     other children.

Question 17        5 / 5 points
__________ between children provide a caregiver teachable moments to help children learn to see other viewpoints.
Question options:
 
a)     Friendships

 
b)     Conflicts

 
c)     Sharing

 
d)     Games

Question 18        5 / 5 points
Children will try out being a "big kid" during Erikson's _____________ stage of development.
Question options:
 
a)     trust vs. mistrust

 
b)     initiative vs. guilt

 
c)     autonomy vs. shame

 
d)     industry vs. inferiority

Question 19        5 / 5 points
The __________ system to discipline emphasizes praise, rewards, and punishments to mold behavior.
Question options:
 
a)     constructivist

 
b)     maturationist

 
c)     democratic

 
d)     behaviorist

Question 20        5 / 5 points
To help children feel they have some personal power over their world, it is important to offer them choices and to say, "___________" to them as seldom as possible.
Question options:
 
a)     no

 
b)     yes

 
c)     because I said so

 
d)     maybe

   

E04 Lesson 2 Exam (2nd attempt) SCORE 100 PERCENT

Question 1        5 / 5 points
According to Piaget, _________, or physical, knowledge is derived from our engagement with objects in the world.
Question options:
 
a)     engagement

 
b)     social

 
c)     empirical

 
d)     logico-mathematical

Question 2        5 / 5 points
Behavior problems may occur when materials are taught EXCEPT when they are:
Question options:
 
a)     too hard.

 
b)     already mastered.

 
c)     not yet mastered.

 
d)     too easy.

Question 3        5 / 5 points
Mr. Sneed's first grade class is learning about ocean life. Brendan asks Mr. Sneed, "How big is a whale?" Mr. Sneed has his children lie end to end in the hall until they have measured the length of a Beluga whale. He then has the children write or draw a picture about what else they can think of that could be that large. Mr. Sneed is teaching math, science, and writing skills all through this ocean theme. This is called a(n) ___________ curriculum.
Question options:
 
a)     inventive

 
b)     teacher-driven

 
c)     free-choice

 
d)     integrated

Question 4        5 / 5 points
Besides deciding how to organize their classroom to accommodate a variety of learning settings, an important part of planning includes deciding:
Question options:
 
a)     what types of learning centers would be most beneficial.

 
b)     how long it will take for the teacher to clean up the materials the children use.

 
c)     how to gear the learning materials toward the highest ability group.

 
d)     whether or not breaks and recess should be taken daily.

Question 5        5 / 5 points
Many discipline problems and minor injuries occur during ___________ times.
Question options:
 
a)     lunch

 
b)     snack

 
c)     play

 
d)     transition

Question 6        5 / 5 points
When Mr. Baker takes the time to meet with the children __________, it helps him build a relationship with each child, which is crucial to cooperation and learning.
Question options:
 
a)     each month

 
b)     in small groups

 
c)     in circle time

 
d)     individually

Question 7        5 / 5 points
Ms. Shapiro encourages her students to respect her wishes by showing respect for their:
Question options:
 
a)     parents.

 
b)     friends.

 
c)     schoolwork.

 
d)     wishes.

Question 8        5 / 5 points
To encourage friendships and build a caring community between teachers, students, administrators, and parents, a school could hold:
Question options:
 
a)     a potluck dinner.

 
b)     PTA meetings.

 
c)     teacher workdays.

 
d)     parent/teacher conferences.

Question 9        5 / 5 points
Some teachers find the best shape in which to arrange children for a child-centered group time is a:
Question options:
 
a)     square.

 
b)     semi-circle.

 
c)     circle.

 
d)     horseshoe.

Question 10        5 / 5 points
All of the following factors EXCEPT ____________ needs should be considered when establishing a routine.
Question options:
 
a)     parental

 
b)     physical

 
c)     emotional

 
d)     social

Question 11        5 / 5 points
___________ is an invitation to discipline problems, as well as a serious waste of children's time.
Question options:
 
a)     Reading aloud

 
b)     Playing in groups

 
c)     Taking turns

 
d)     Waiting in line

Question 12        5 / 5 points
When adults encourage pretend play, they are helping children develop logical reasoning skills, creative thinking, and __________, as well as social skills.
Question options:
 
a)     critical thinking

 
b)     consequence awareness

 
c)     scientific reasoning

 
d)     long-term friendships

Question 13        5 / 5 points
Which factor, when considering a routine, requires the schedule to support child independence?
Question options:
 
a)     Emotional

 
b)     Social

 
c)     Physical

 
d)     Intellectual

Question 14        5 / 5 points
Mrs. Miller is having circle time with her kindergarten class on the first day of school. They are brainstorming ideas for classroom guidelines. Why is Mrs. Miller allowing the children to help with this process?
Question options:
 
a)     Mrs. Miller did not have enough time to prepare the rules ahead of time.

 
b)     Mrs. Miller knows this will help the children like her when she must enforce rules.

 
c)     Mrs. Miller knows that children are more likely to follow rules they helped create.

 
d)     Mrs. Miller wants the rules to be easier for the children to understand.

Question 15        5 / 5 points
Gathering children together as a group is essential for building a sense of __________ in a classroom.
Question options:
 
a)     community

 
b)     self-esteem

 
c)     friendship

 
d)     autonomy

Question 16        5 / 5 points
One way to de-emphasize competition is to:
Question options:
 
a)     provide rewards for everyone that is sitting correctly.

 
b)     encourage everyone to do their personal best.

 
c)     tell students that whoever is the quietest wins.

 
d)     not offer praise.

Question 17        5 / 5 points
Good teachers create a(n) _____________ learning environment to foster children's curiosity and desire to learn.
Question options:
 
a)     rich

 
b)     crowded

 
c)     cluttered

 
d)     adequate

Question 18        5 / 5 points
Learning for children starts with __________ experiences and objects from which to make sense.
Question options:
 
a)     educational

 
b)     abstract

 
c)     real

 
d)     academic

Question 19        5 / 5 points
Investigating some bugs the children found on the playground and finding books to identify them instead of doing your scheduled science lesson for the day is an example of:
Question options:
 
a)     an integrated curriculum.

 
b)     relevant learning.

 
c)     developmental centers.

 
d)     an outdoor classroom.

Question 20        5 / 5 points
Cultural differences are not limited to minority groups. Cultural differences can be based on family income, jobs, and:
Question options:
 
a)     opinion.

 
b)     family size.

 
c)     educational level.

 
d)     temperaments.

E04 Lesson 2 Exam SCORE 85 PERCENT

Question 1        5 / 5 points
When adults encourage pretend play, they are helping children develop logical reasoning skills, creative thinking, and __________, as well as social skills.
Question options:
 
a)     critical thinking

 
b)     consequence awareness

 
c)     scientific reasoning

 
d)     long-term friendships

Question 2        5 / 5 points
Toddler learning labs would include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question options:
 
a)     knobbed puzzles.

 
b)     smoothie-making materials.

 
c)     push-and-pull toys.

 
d)     bubble blowing materials.

Question 3        5 / 5 points
Investigating some bugs the children found on the playground and finding books to identify them instead of doing your scheduled science lesson for the day is an example of:
Question options:
 
a)     an integrated curriculum.

 
b)     relevant learning.

 
c)     developmental centers.

 
d)     an outdoor classroom.

Question 4        5 / 5 points
____________ knowledge is sometimes referred to as cultural knowledge.
Question options:
 
a)     Engagement

 
b)     Social

 
c)     Empirical

 
d)     Logico-mathematical

Question 5        5 / 5 points
Which factor, when considering a routine, requires the schedule to support child independence?
Question options:
 
a)     Emotional

 
b)     Social

 
c)     Physical

 
d)     Intellectual

Question 6        5 / 5 points
Which factor, when considering a routine, requires enough time for children to explore, question, and create?
Question options:
 
a)     Physical

 
b)     Social

 
c)     Intellectual

 
d)     Emotional

Question 7        5 / 5 points
Gathering children together as a group is essential for building a sense of __________ in a classroom.
Question options:
 
a)     community

 
b)     self-esteem

 
c)     friendship

 
d)     autonomy

Question 8        5 / 5 points
___________ is an invitation to discipline problems, as well as a serious waste of children's time.
Question options:
 
a)     Reading aloud

 
b)     Playing in groups

 
c)     Taking turns

 
d)     Waiting in line

Question 9        5 / 5 points
Good teachers create a(n) _____________ learning environment to foster children's curiosity and desire to learn.
Question options:
 
a)     rich

 
b)     crowded

 
c)     cluttered

 
d)     adequate

Question 10        5 / 5 points
One way to de-emphasize competition is to:
Question options:
 
a)     provide rewards for everyone that is sitting correctly.

 
b)     encourage everyone to do their personal best.

 
c)     tell students that whoever is the quietest wins.

 
d)     not offer praise.

Question 11        0 / 5 points
Classroom displays:
Question options:
 
a)     facilitate communication between families and teachers.

 
b)     document learning.

 
c)     encourage relationship-building.

 
d)     All of the above

Question 12        5 / 5 points
All of the following factors EXCEPT ____________ needs should be considered when establishing a routine.
Question options:
 
a)     parental

 
b)     physical

 
c)     emotional

 
d)     social

Question 13        0 / 5 points
Cultural differences are not limited to minority groups. Cultural differences can be based on family income, jobs, and:
Question options:
 
a)     opinion.

 
b)     family size.

 
c)     educational level.

 
d)     temperaments.

Question 14        5 / 5 points
Adding Velcro to charts, providing headsets for noise reduction, and choosing a solid-covered carpet as opposed to one with designs would be categorized as:
Question options:
 
a)     accessibility.

 
b)     a display.

 
c)     sounds.

 
d)     diversity.

Question 15        5 / 5 points
Learning for children starts with __________ experiences and objects from which to make sense.
Question options:
 
a)     educational

 
b)     abstract

 
c)     real

 
d)     academic

Question 16        5 / 5 points
Classrooms that tend to be happy, harmonious places that support children's emotional health are ones that encourage:
Question options:
 
a)     rule-making and obedience.

 
b)     friendship and socializing.

 
c)     behavior without guidelines.

 
d)     aggressive behavior.

Question 17        0 / 5 points
Mrs. Miller is having circle time with her kindergarten class on the first day of school. They are brainstorming ideas for classroom guidelines. Why is Mrs. Miller allowing the children to help with this process?
Question options:
 
a)     Mrs. Miller did not have enough time to prepare the rules ahead of time.

 
b)     Mrs. Miller knows this will help the children like her when she must enforce rules.

 
c)     Mrs. Miller knows that children are more likely to follow rules they helped create.

 
d)     Mrs. Miller wants the rules to be easier for the children to understand.

Question 18        5 / 5 points
__________ can help children know what to expect next, thus assisting them to become cooperative members of a group.
Question options:
 
a)     Rules

 
b)     Routines

 
c)     Guidelines

 
d)     Calendars

Question 19        5 / 5 points
When materials are organized clearly and are freely accessible, children are more likely to:
Question options:
 
a)     ask permission for materials.

 
b)     use materials without asking for permission.

 
c)     explain why they are choosing a certain activity.

 
d)     ask questions.

Question 20        5 / 5 points
___________ thinking provides the framework for classifying, and therefore making sense of, any information.
Question options:
 
a)     Physical

 
b)     Logico-mathematical

 
c)     Learned

 
d)     Social

E04 Lesson 6 and 7 Exam SCORE 93 PERCENT

Question 1        2.5 / 2.5 points
Cary has not completed his math assignment all week. His basic skills test from early in the year shows him in the top five percent of all second-grade students in math reasoning. What should Cary's teacher do?
Question options:
 
a)     Give Cary the choice of completing it now or at recess.

 
b)     Realize that Cary may be bored and create more challenging work for him.

 
c)     Give Cary the choice of completing the work now or for homework.

 
d)     Realize that Cary may be confused and may need remedial work.

Question 2        2.5 / 2.5 points
Providing small child-sized pitchers for pouring juice and other child-sized materials can help children who have immature _________ skills be more successful in independently completing tasks.
Question options:
 
a)     cognitive

 
b)     preschool

 
c)     emotional

 
d)     coordination

Question 3        2.5 / 2.5 points
___________ sets the tone for the classroom.
Question options:
 
a)     Classroom environment

 
b)     Teacher attitude

 
c)     Breakfast

 
d)     A reward chart

Question 4        2.5 / 2.5 points
Knowing what to expect, having consistent limits, and having a reliable organization for materials all lead to _______________, helping to keep children safe.
Question options:
 
a)     predictability

 
b)     security

 
c)     stress

 
d)     evaluation

Question 5        2.5 / 2.5 points
Kayla has very low self-esteem. She misbehaves often and is rejected by other classmates. Her teacher, Mr. Vickers, has decided to work hard to give Kayla positive feedback whenever possible. What can Mr. Vickers expect to happen first when he begins this approach?
Question options:
 
a)     Kayla's behavior will worsen.

 
b)     Kayla will stop talking to Mr. Vickers.

 
c)     Kayla will be kind to Mr. Vickers.

 
d)     Kayla will cry frequently.

Question 6        2.5 / 2.5 points
Children need to feel loved and accepted. To accomplish this, teachers must:
Question options:
 
a)     have unconditional love for all children in their care.

 
b)     give children in their care a hug each day.

 
c)     have an enthusiastic approach for all children in their care.

 
d)     never have a favorite student.

Question 7        2.5 / 2.5 points
Which one of the following statements about lying is TRUE?
Question options:
 
a)     Young children often lie because they are confused between what is real and pretend.

 
b)     Young children cannot be held accountable for lying since they cannot understand the term.

 
c)     Young children who get fact and fantasy mixed up become adults who lie.

 
d)     Young children can be taught to tell the truth by giving them natural consequences for lying.

Question 8        2.5 / 2.5 points
Spencer, a three-year-old, is refusing to get dressed for the day. His mother, Melanie, is late for work already and she needs Spencer to cooperate. Which set of choices would be appropriate for Melanie to give Spencer that would meet his obvious need for power?
Question options:
 
a)     "You may choose to put your clothes on by yourself or Mommy will do it for you."

 
b)     "If you are choosing not to get dressed, you are choosing to have a time out."

 
c)     "Which shirt are you going to wear today, the green or the blue?"

 
d)     "When do you want to get dressed―now or in ten minutes?"

Question 9        2.5 / 2.5 points
When Jill plays board games with her preschool-aged sister, Karra, she notices that Karra keeps changing the rules so that she wins. Jill is getting frustrated which is leading toward conflict. ___________ is MOST likely contributing to Karra's problem.
Question options:
 
a)     Egocentrism

 
b)     Resentment

 
c)     Defiance

 
d)     Bad sportsmanship

Question 10        0 / 2.5 points
All of the following are appropriate ways to evaluate a child EXCEPT:
Question options:
 
a)     individual formative assessments.

 
b)     authentic feedback.

 
c)     weekly child-teacher conferences.

 
d)     traditional methods of assessment.

Question 11        2.5 / 2.5 points
When children have arguments about sharing toys, it is usually because young children have:
Question options:
 
a)     undeveloped cognitive skills.

 
b)     irrational thinking patterns.

 
c)     undeveloped social skills.

 
d)     undeveloped language skills.

Question 12        2.5 / 2.5 points
When communication is undeveloped, all of the following strategies can help EXCEPT:
Question options:
 
a)     having a cool down period.

 
b)     scaffolding each child as needed.

 
c)     discouraging the child to use art.

 
d)     role playing.

Question 13        2.5 / 2.5 points
A child _________ should NOT be considered a discipline problem.
Question options:
 
a)     bullying other students

 
b)     rolling his eyes

 
c)     sticking out her tongue

 
d)     wetting their pants

Question 14        2.5 / 2.5 points
According to constructive discipline and behavior modification, the BEST way to extinguish a negative behavior is to:
Question options:
 
a)     never reinforce the negative behavior.

 
b)     give a negative reinforcement when the behavior occurs.

 
c)     find a positive behavior to reward instead.

 
d)     cause extinction of the behavior by punishing the child.

Question 15        2.5 / 2.5 points
Lying, stealing, and cheating are all signs of:
Question options:
 
a)     emotional immaturity.

 
b)     lack of understanding.

 
c)     social withdrawal.

 
d)     developmental delay.

Question 16        2.5 / 2.5 points
When children are begging to help clean up, be the line leader, be the homework helper, and overall have a chance to shine in their classroom, their teacher has made them feel:
Question options:
 
a)     helpful.

 
b)     needed.

 
c)     loved.

 
d)     significant.

Question 17        2.5 / 2.5 points
Trust is formed:
Question options:
 
a)     outside the classroom.

 
b)     in the teen years.

 
c)     in the first years of life.

 
d)     by age 10.

Question 18        2.5 / 2.5 points
Pam is throwing bits of paper at Eli during quiet reading time. She is a struggling reader and her teacher, Mrs. Johnson, can tell she is not able to read independently during this time. Mrs. Johnson could help Pam by:
Question options:
 
a)     allowing Pam to do a different quiet activity during reading time.

 
b)     ignoring Pam's behavior and putting her in a spot where she will not disturb others tomorrow.

 
c)     having Pam pick up the paper and return to her seat to read easier books.

 
d)     allowing Pam to read with a fifth-grade partner during reading time.

Question 19        2.5 / 2.5 points
The type of written observation that involves recording each time a child displays a particular behavior, such as hitting, is called:
Question options:
 
a)     anecdotal notes.

 
b)     running records.

 
c)     event sampling.

 
d)     time sampling.

Question 20        0 / 2.5 points
Mr. Goldstein is working on a cooking project with his first grade class. While some children chop apples with plastic knives, five children at a time are working with Mr. Goldstein to mix a piecrust. Each child at the table is getting a turn to mix the crust with their fingers. Jindira is mixing when Kim gets impatient and pushes Jindira to the side so she can have her turn. According to constructive discipline, an appropriate consequence for Kim would be to send her:
Question options:
 
a)     to time out for five minutes and then allow her to have a turn.

 
b)     back to apple chopping and tell her she has lost her turn.

 
c)     back to apple chopping after she has apologized to Molly.

 
d)     back to apple chopping and tell her she may return when she is ready to wait for her turn.

Question 21        2.5 / 2.5 points
The prevention level of the three tiers of support may involve all of the following EXCEPT:
Question options:
 
a)     a confined space.

 
b)     a stress ball to squeeze.

 
c)     a small ball to sit on.

 
d)     room to wiggle.

Question 22        2.5 / 2.5 points
It is important to help children with chronic illnesses and extended absences stay connected to their classroom and their peers because:
Question options:
 
a)     friendships are critical for these children's social and emotional development.

 
b)     their parents are not teachers.

 
c)     they will not learn anything at home.

 
d)     having a relationship with a teacher is important.

Question 23        2.5 / 2.5 points
When asking a child to complete a task, teachers should try to be specific and:
Question options:
 
a)     speak very slowly and quietly.

 
b)     avoid using his or her name.

 
c)     use jargon the child can relate to.

 
d)     say the important information at the end of the sentence.

Question 24        2.5 / 2.5 points
Providing them with a soft, calming place in the classroom; making sure they know what to expect in their school day; and spending extra one-on-one time with them are ALL ways to help children who have:
Question options:
 
a)     experienced the death of a parent.

 
b)     chronic health problems.

 
c)     been abused.

 
d)     witnessed community violence.

Question 25        2.5 / 2.5 points
Teaching conflict resolution skills, appropriate methods for expressing emotions, and strategies for dealing with frustration is especially important for children who:
Question options:
 
a)     have underdeveloped communication skills.

 
b)     are in foster care.

 
c)     have been abused.

 
d)     are from military families.

Question 26        2.5 / 2.5 points
One way to prevent emotional outbursts and help children express how they feel is to:
Question options:
 
a)     have them draw or write about their feelings.

 
b)     have a daily check-in board.

 
c)     ask them how they feel during snack time.

 
d)     sing a song about feelings.

Question 27        2.5 / 2.5 points
Which of the following statements about community violence is NOT true?
Question options:
 
a)     It can lead to parental conflict.

 
b)     It causes children are fearful and anxious.

 
c)     It causes children to want to have more friends.

 
d)     It is increasing at an alarming rate.

Question 28        2.5 / 2.5 points
One way to help reduce the tension that often leads to aggression is:
Question options:
 
a)     yoga.

 
b)     singing.

 
c)     time-outs.

 
d)     ignoring it.

Question 29        0 / 2.5 points
A goal should be for the child to become self-___________ at school, not simply to obey for a reward.
Question options:
 
a)     governing

 
b)     reliant

 
c)     assured

 
d)     sufficient

Question 30        2.5 / 2.5 points
Many children who have experienced trauma question their competence and self-worth. This makes it important for teachers to:
Question options:
 
a)     fix all of their students' mistakes.

 
b)     show their students the correct way to do things.

 
c)     have a peer helper to fix other student's projects.

 
d)     promote a "can-do" attitude in the classroom.

Question 31        2.5 / 2.5 points
The intentional instruction level of the three tiers of support may involve all of the following EXCEPT:
Question options:
 
a)     games to increase attention span.

 
b)     brain exercises.

 
c)     organizational skills.

 
d)     a small-group setting.

Question 32        2.5 / 2.5 points
Children affected by divorce or separation may:
Question options:
 
a)     not have a fear of abandonment.

 
b)     be more secure in their attachment to others.

 
c)     blame their parents.

 
d)     be less secure in their attachment to others.

Question 33        2.5 / 2.5 points
According to your text, ______ percent of children who die from abuse are under the age of 4.
Question options:
 
a)     3

 
b)     25

 
c)     60

 
d)     80

Question 34        2.5 / 2.5 points
Providing students with opportunities to serve as a source of support to others helps them realize they are valuable members of the group which:
Question options:
 
a)     improves their self-worth and self-confidence.

 
b)     improves their academic performance.

 
c)     creates jealousy among the students.

 
d)     makes students forget to pay attention.

Question 35        2.5 / 2.5 points
Emotional abuse may include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question options:
 
a)     name-calling.

 
b)     slapping.

 
c)     rejection.

 
d)     isolation.

Question 36        2.5 / 2.5 points
One of the BEST ways to discover children's special talents is:
Question options:
 
a)     let them help others.

 
b)     offer them activity choices.

 
c)     observe them at various required activities.

 
d)     pair them with more skilled students.

Question 37        2.5 / 2.5 points
Manuel, a five-year-old child, is often inattentive. He has trouble sitting still for more than a minute in circle activities where his attention is required. Which solution would be MOST helpful for Manuel?
Question options:
 
a)     Having him sit on a ball or one-legged stool during circle time.

 
b)     Giving him another activity to do during circle time, such as reading.

 
c)     Having him play by himself in the play area during circle time.

 
d)     Having a one-on-one discussion with him about his problem.

Question 38        2.5 / 2.5 points
Viewing children from a strengths-based perspective means:
Question options:
 
a)     using children's strengths to plan the curriculum.

 
b)     using the strengths of some of the children to help others.

 
c)     believing in a child's abilities to succeed even in the face of adversity.

 
d)     using a strong speaking voice and firm actions to help guide behavior.

Question 39        2.5 / 2.5 points
There are three levels of attention described in the text: attention for survival, attention to things of interest, and:
Question options:
 
a)     attention to nature.

 
b)     selective attention.

 
c)     necessary attention.

 
d)     attention to details.

Question 40        2.5 / 2.5 points
The Council for Exceptional Children, Division for Early Childhood (CEC/EEC), and others describe three tiers of support schools can provide to children with social or emotional difficulties to help them become socially competent. Which of the following is NOT a tier?
Question options:
 
a)     Prevention

 
b)     Guidance

 
c)     Intentional instruction

 
d)     Individualized instruction

E04V Lesson 6 and 7 Exam Score 78 PERCENT

Question 1        2.5 / 2.5 points
According to constructive discipline and behavior modification, the BEST way to extinguish a negative behavior is to:
Question options:
 
a)     never reinforce the negative behavior.

 
b)     give a negative reinforcement when the behavior occurs.

 
c)     find a positive behavior to reward instead.

 
d)     cause extinction of the behavior by punishing the child.

Question 2        0 / 2.5 points
When children are begging to help clean up, be the line leader, be the homework helper, and overall have a chance to shine in their classroom, their teacher has made them feel:
Question options:
 
a)     helpful.

 
b)     needed.

 
c)     loved.

 
d)     significant.

Question 3        2.5 / 2.5 points
The type of written observation that involves longer documentation of a child's behaviors, including the observer's thoughts and comments, is called:
Question options:
 
a)     running records.

 
b)     anecdotal notes.

 
c)     time sampling.

 
d)     event sampling.

Question 4        2.5 / 2.5 points
Trust is formed:
Question options:
 
a)     outside the classroom.

 
b)     in the teen years.

 
c)     in the first years of life.

 
d)     by age 10.

Question 5        2.5 / 2.5 points
Pam is throwing bits of paper at Eli during quiet reading time. She is a struggling reader and her teacher, Mrs. Johnson, can tell she is not able to read independently during this time. Mrs. Johnson could help Pam by:
Question options:
 
a)     allowing Pam to do a different quiet activity during reading time.

 
b)     ignoring Pam's behavior and putting her in a spot where she will not disturb others tomorrow.

 
c)     having Pam pick up the paper and return to her seat to read easier books.

 
d)     allowing Pam to read with a fifth-grade partner during reading time.

Question 6        0 / 2.5 points
The type of written observation that involves recording each time a child displays a particular behavior, such as hitting, is called:
Question options:
 
a)     anecdotal notes.

 
b)     running records.

 
c)     event sampling.

 
d)     time sampling.

Question 7        2.5 / 2.5 points
Nora has been to the clinic three days this week with a stomachache. The nurse lets her lie down for ten minutes and then Nora seems fine and heads back to class. Which of the following is MOST likely causing Nora's problem?
Question options:
 
a)     A stomach virus

 
b)     The flu

 
c)     Another child upsetting her

 
d)     A need for attention

Question 8        0 / 2.5 points
Mary is conducting story-time with her pre-kindergarten class. She is having trouble with seven or eight children who are not sitting still and are not listening to the story. Mary has tried several "I messages" and reinforcing messages to those who are seated. What is the BEST way for Mary to handle this problem?
Question options:
 
a)     Remove the disruptive children from story time to a calming area until they are ready to listen.

 
b)     Stop reading the story and have the children go sit at the tables for a more exciting letter activity.

 
c)     Continue with the story and ignore the interruptions as long as the other children can hear.

 
d)     Stop reading and play an energetic game or sing an action song.

Question 9        0 / 2.5 points
Mr. Goldstein is working on a cooking project with his first grade class. While some children chop apples with plastic knives, five children at a time are working with Mr. Goldstein to mix a piecrust. Each child at the table is getting a turn to mix the crust with their fingers. Jindira is mixing when Kim gets impatient and pushes Jindira to the side so she can have her turn. According to constructive discipline, an appropriate consequence for Kim would be to send her:
Question options:
 
a)     to time out for five minutes and then allow her to have a turn.

 
b)     back to apple chopping and tell her she has lost her turn.

 
c)     back to apple chopping after she has apologized to Molly.

 
d)     back to apple chopping and tell her she may return when she is ready to wait for her turn.

Question 10        2.5 / 2.5 points
Hitting, kicking, biting, and spitting can be an indication that a child is having trouble with emotional regulation skills or that she needs help with __________ skills.
Question options:
 
a)     cognitive

 
b)     physical

 
c)     language

 
d)     gross motor

Question 11        2.5 / 2.5 points
For children to feel secure in their environment, there must be limits and behavior expectations, or guidelines. Two classroom guidelines children can easily remember are to be kind and:
Question options:
 
a)     safe.

 
b)     careful.

 
c)     take care of people and things.

 
d)     a good listener.

Question 12        2.5 / 2.5 points
Which one of the following ideas will NOT help children to feel personal ownership in their classroom?
Question options:
 
a)     Giving children the right to label works in progress, such as block structures, with their name

 
b)     Labeling a child's school supplies with his or her name

 
c)     Allowing a child to play with all of the blocks for 25 minutes each day

 
d)     Giving each child a designated desk or table spot

Question 13        2.5 / 2.5 points
In Ms. Chen's two-year-old room, Brendan is working hard to build a block tower. The tower falls each time Brendan tries to stack the third block onto the second block. After three tries, Brendan throws the blocks wildly and begins to scream and cry. Which one of the following statements about Brendan is TRUE?
Question options:
 
a)     Brendan is having trouble regulating his emotions.

 
b)     Brendan is not cognitively ready to stack blocks.

 
c)     Brendan does not have the gross motor skills to stack blocks.

 
d)     Brendan is not playing with an age-appropriate toy.

Question 14        2.5 / 2.5 points
Lying, stealing, and cheating are all signs of:
Question options:
 
a)     emotional immaturity.

 
b)     lack of understanding.

 
c)     social withdrawal.

 
d)     developmental delay.

Question 15        2.5 / 2.5 points
When children have arguments about sharing toys, it is usually because young children have:
Question options:
 
a)     undeveloped cognitive skills.

 
b)     irrational thinking patterns.

 
c)     undeveloped social skills.

 
d)     undeveloped language skills.

Question 16        2.5 / 2.5 points
A child _________ should NOT be considered a discipline problem.
Question options:
 
a)     bullying other students

 
b)     rolling his eyes

 
c)     sticking out her tongue

 
d)     wetting their pants

Question 17        0 / 2.5 points
Real choices are:
Question options:
 
a)     given to provide a chance to satisfy the child's need for control.

 
b)     chosen to grow the child's critical-thinking skills.

 
c)     determined by the adult and child together.

 
d)     chosen to get the child to always cooperate.

Question 18        2.5 / 2.5 points
When communication is undeveloped, all of the following strategies can help EXCEPT:
Question options:
 
a)     having a cool down period.

 
b)     scaffolding each child as needed.

 
c)     discouraging the child to use art.

 
d)     role playing.

Question 19        2.5 / 2.5 points
Mrs. Miller sees Brittany putting Legos from the manipulative shelf into her book bag. According to constructive discipline, Mrs. Miller should:
Question options:
 
a)     confront Brittany immediately and discuss why stealing is wrong.

 
b)     tell the class that no one will go out for recess until the Legos are returned.

 
c)     ask Brittany to show her book bag to Mrs. Miller.

 
d)     give Brittany a chance to return the Legos on her own without confrontation.

Question 20        2.5 / 2.5 points
Preparing to meet long-term goals for children's social and emotional development requires teachers to observe children's behavior. The most common forms of observation for these purposes are written records, __________, event sampling, and time sampling.
Question options:
 
a)     anecdotal note-taking

 
b)     videotapes

 
c)     audiotapes

 
d)     photographs

Question 21        2.5 / 2.5 points
One of the BEST ways to discover children's special talents is:
Question options:
 
a)     let them help others.

 
b)     offer them activity choices.

 
c)     observe them at various required activities.

 
d)     pair them with more skilled students.

Question 22        0 / 2.5 points
According to your text, ______ percent of children who die from abuse are under the age of 4.
Question options:
 
a)     3

 
b)     25

 
c)     60

 
d)     80

Question 23        2.5 / 2.5 points
Children undergo many significant changes in their daily life when their parents separate or divorce. These changes often leave children feeling less secure in their attachment to others, which often results in:
Question options:
 
a)     outward silliness.

 
b)     nightmares.

 
c)     a fear of abandonment.

 
d)     aggressive classroom behavior.

Question 24        2.5 / 2.5 points
Children in foster care do not always express their emotions outwardly, but when they have disagreements with peers or adults, they often feel:
Question options:
 
a)     anger and rage.

 
b)     anxiety and fear.

 
c)     anger and anxiety.

 
d)     sadness and fear.

Question 25        2.5 / 2.5 points
Calling out children in pairs, providing materials to be shared, and think-share-pair activities are ways to:
Question options:
 
a)     teach sharing.

 
b)     promote good behavior.

 
c)     observe differences.

 
d)     encourage friendships.

Question 26        2.5 / 2.5 points
Emotional abuse may include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question options:
 
a)     name-calling.

 
b)     slapping.

 
c)     rejection.

 
d)     isolation.

Question 27        2.5 / 2.5 points
Children affected by divorce or separation may:
Question options:
 
a)     not have a fear of abandonment.

 
b)     be more secure in their attachment to others.

 
c)     blame their parents.

 
d)     be less secure in their attachment to others.

Question 28        2.5 / 2.5 points
While cultural practices can be learned from books, it is BEST for teachers to learn them:
Question options:
 
a)     by asking other teachers about them.

 
b)     firsthand through observation.

 
c)     by speaking to an adult from that culture.

 
d)     by presenting a lesson on that culture to the class.

Question 29        0 / 2.5 points
Why are children from minorities more likely to be referred to the principal?
Question options:
 
a)     It is school policy.

 
b)     Peers are more likely to tattle on them.

 
c)     There is a mismatch with the teacher's values.

 
d)     None of the above

Question 30        2.5 / 2.5 points
The two components of self-esteem that teachers need to help develop are:
Question options:
 
a)     self-resilience and self-confidence.

 
b)     self-respect and self-worth.

 
c)     self-worth and self-confidence.

 
d)     resilience and risk-taking.

Question 31        2.5 / 2.5 points
The intentional instruction level of the three tiers of support may involve all of the following EXCEPT:
Question options:
 
a)     games to increase attention span.

 
b)     brain exercises.

 
c)     organizational skills.

 
d)     a small-group setting.

Question 32        2.5 / 2.5 points
In this state of attention, children are drawn to a novelty item or surprise and are often more focused. Teachers use this to grab students' attention at the beginning of lessons.
Question options:
 
a)     Attention to nature

 
b)     Selective attention

 
c)     Attention to things of interest

 
d)     Attention for survival

Question 33        2.5 / 2.5 points
There are three levels of attention described in the text: attention for survival, attention to things of interest, and:
Question options:
 
a)     attention to nature.

 
b)     selective attention.

 
c)     necessary attention.

 
d)     attention to details.

Question 34        2.5 / 2.5 points
_____________ is what allows us to stay focused on a specific task while ignoring other distractions.
Question options:
 
a)     Selective attention

 
b)     Attention for survival

 
c)     Positive attention

 
d)     Attention to things of interest

Question 35        0 / 2.5 points
Manuel, a five-year-old child, is often inattentive. He has trouble sitting still for more than a minute in circle activities where his attention is required. Which solution would be MOST helpful for Manuel?
Question options:
 
a)     Having him sit on a ball or one-legged stool during circle time.

 
b)     Giving him another activity to do during circle time, such as reading.

 
c)     Having him play by himself in the play area during circle time.

 
d)     Having a one-on-one discussion with him about his problem.

Question 36        2.5 / 2.5 points
Providing students with opportunities to serve as a source of support to others helps them realize they are valuable members of the group which:
Question options:
 
a)     improves their self-worth and self-confidence.

 
b)     improves their academic performance.

 
c)     creates jealousy among the students.

 
d)     makes students forget to pay attention.

Question 37        0 / 2.5 points
Many children who are exposed to violence withdraw from all interactions. As a teacher, you should try any of the following strategies EXCEPT:
Question options:
 
a)     having plenty of large-group activities.

 
b)     letting them play the lead role in one-on-one activities, such as buddy reading.

 
c)     teaching conflict resolution skills.

 
d)     providing many opportunities to work in a small group.

Question 38        2.5 / 2.5 points
Prevention strategies will help about ____ percent of the children learn appropriate social skills.
Question options:
 
a)     25

 
b)     50

 
c)     75

 
d)     85

Question 39        2.5 / 2.5 points
Viewing children from a strengths-based perspective means:
Question options:
 
a)     using children's strengths to plan the curriculum.

 
b)     using the strengths of some of the children to help others.

 
c)     believing in a child's abilities to succeed even in the face of adversity.

 
d)     using a strong speaking voice and firm actions to help guide behavior.

Question 40        2.5 / 2.5 points
The Council for Exceptional Children, Division for Early Childhood (CEC/EEC), and others describe three tiers of support schools can provide to children with social or emotional difficulties to help them become socially competent. Which of the following is NOT a tier?
Question options:
 
a)     Prevention

 
b)     Guidance

 
c)     Intentional instruction

 
d)     Individualized instruction