Quiz
Question 1 (1 point)
The doctrine of_______holds that employers are free to fire an employee at any time and for any reason unless a prior agreement specifies otherwise.
Question 1 options:
A) constructive dismissal
B) employment at will
C) constructive notice
D) estoppel
Question 2 (1 point)
The Genetic Information Non-Discrimination Act (GINA) of 2008
Question 2 options:
A) prevents employers from releasing genetic information about an employee to a public health agency.
B) allows employers to collect genetic information from employees to monitor the biological effects of toxic substances in the workplace.
C) excludes family medical history from one's genetic information.
D) prevents employers from collecting genetic information in compliance with the Family Medical Leave Act.
Question 3 (1 point)
Consumer vulnerability occurs when
Question 3 options:
A) a person has access to too much information about a product and the market exchange process.
B) the consumer is treated as an end in itself.
C) a person has an impaired ability to make an informed consent to the market exchange.
D) there are too many manufacturers in the market.
Question 4 (1 point)
Marketing experts consider stealth marketing extraordinarily effective because
Question 4 options:
A) the consumer's guard isn't down while accepting the message.
B) consumers don't question the message as they might challenge a traditional advertising campaign.
C) consumers seek out the communicator's vested interest.
D) consumers don't see the communication as too personal and often tend to trust an advertisement or other marketing material much more than they would trust the communicator.
Question 5 (1 point)
Drug testing in the workplace
Question 5 options:
A) requires employees to disclose all use of prescription and over-the-counter drugs.
B) has had no legal issues relating to monitoring employees.
C) tends to provide a productivity benefit for companies.
D) allows employees to control their environment.
Question 6 (1 point)
The European Union's Directive on Personal Data Protection
Question 6 options:
A) prohibits EU firms from transferring personal information to a non-EU country unless that country maintains "adequate protections" of its own.
B) also is known as the European Union Safe Harbor Act.
C) states that the United States is the only nonmember country that maintains "adequate protection" of personal data.
D) encourages member countries to maintain myriad standards for information gathering and protection.
Question 7 (1 point)
In the context of the government-regulated ethics approach to health and safety, government standards
Question 7 options:
A) prevent employees from facing the fundamentally coercive choice between job and safety.
B) are set based on assumptions rather than best available scientific knowledge, and thus add to market failures that result from insufficient information. (Incorrect)
C) address the "first generation" problem of the market-controlled approach to health and safety by focusing on compensation rather than prevention.
D) favor individual bargaining between employers and employees as the approach to workplace health and safety.
Question 8 (1 point)
Critics in both industry and government argue that OSHA should aim to achieve the optimal, rather than the highest, level of safety.________analysis can be used to achieve this goal.
Question 8 options:
A) Cost-minimization
B) Cost-benefit
C) Cost-utility
D) Cost-effectiveness
Question 9 (1 point)
Which of the following is the ethical basis for implied warranty of merchantability?
Question 9 options:
A) Consumers understand products fully, and they're free to choose not to purchase certain things.
B) A prudent business will never seek to limit its liability by explicitly disowning any promise or warranty.
C) Manufacturers wouldn't sell a product if they had reason to believe that their product would harm consumers during normal use.
D) Consumers wouldn't consent to purchase a product if they had reason to believe that they would be harmed by it during normal use.
Question 10 (1 point)
Some companies have a/an________policy, under which an employer may refuse to hire a worker whose spouse already works at the same firm.
Question 10 options:
A) conflict-of-interest (Incorrect)
B) antinepotism
C) antitrust
D) antifraternization
Question 11 (1 point)
Which of the following is one of the challenges in the acceptable risk approach?
Question 11 options:
A) It assumes an equivalency between workplace risks and other types of risks when there are significant differences between them.
B) It treats health and safety merely as an instrumental value and denies its intrinsic value.
C) It's a liberal approach to workplace health and safety that allows employees to recognize the risks they're likely to face.
D) It involves the determination of relative risks, the calculation of which is a complicated process and not always reliable.
Question 12 (1 point)
When approaching an ethical issue in marketing, the utilitarian tradition would want to know
Question 12 options:
A) the degree to which individuals freely participate in an exchange.
B) the degree to which a transaction provided actual as opposed to apparent benefits.
C) about the personal characters of the parties involved in the exchange.
D) about other values that are affected by the exchange.
Question 13 (1 point)
The term "sweatshops" refers to workplaces where
Question 13 options:
A) employee interests are protected from being subjected to utilitarian and financial calculations.
B) employees lack even the most basic health and safety protections.
C) employers constantly supervise and evaluate employees.
D) employers treat employees well as a means of producing workplace harmony.
Question 14 (1 point)
Which of the following statements is true of the right to privacy?
Question 14 options:
A) It isn't related to liberty and autonomy.
B) It's provided only for certain sections of society.
C) It can be legally protected by the Constitution.
D) It isn't restricted by any social contract.
Question 15 (1 point)
The________approach holds that the only responsibility of a business is to provide a good or service at an agreed-upon price.
Question 15 options:
A) merchantability
B) caveat venditor
C) implied warranty
D) caveat emptor
Question 16 (1 point)
The issue of workplace bullying is more common in the service sector because that sector
Question 16 options:
A) lacks the right of due process.
B) has a strong hierarchy of authority.
C) contains organizations that are mostly decentralized.
D) relies significantly on interpersonal relationships and interaction.
Question 17 (1 point)
A behavioral psychologist is most likely to claim that advertising
Question 17 options:
A) can control consumers' behavior by controlling their choices.
B) can't create nonautonomous behavior in consumers.
C) can't violate consumer autonomy by controlling consumer behavior.
D) can control consumers' behavior by providing them with all the relevant information.
Question 18 (1 point)
Strict product liability laws in the United States
Question 18 options:
A) are highly favored by the business community.
B) hold a business responsible for any harm from product use, even if it isn't the result of business negligence.
C) ensure that the government must pay consumers in situations where neither the producer nor the consumer is at fault.
D) are similar to the strict liability standards adopted by the European Union.
Question 19 (1 point)
Manipulation focuses on which of the following?
Question 19 options:
A) total control of direction or management.
B) deceiving a person.
C) guiding or directing behavior.
D) taking total control over an individual's actions.
Question 20 (1 point)
Which of the following statements is true of the Hawthorne Effect?
Question 20 options:
A) It occurs only when the mechanisms used to monitor employees are unethical.
B) It holds that workers show poor performance when they know they're being monitored.
C) It holds that managers shouldn't monitor their employees in any situations.
D) It maintains that workers' productivity improves when they're singled out.
Question 1 (1 point)
The doctrine of_______holds that employers are free to fire an employee at any time and for any reason unless a prior agreement specifies otherwise.
Question 1 options:
A) constructive dismissal
B) employment at will
C) constructive notice
D) estoppel
Question 2 (1 point)
The Genetic Information Non-Discrimination Act (GINA) of 2008
Question 2 options:
A) prevents employers from releasing genetic information about an employee to a public health agency.
B) allows employers to collect genetic information from employees to monitor the biological effects of toxic substances in the workplace.
C) excludes family medical history from one's genetic information.
D) prevents employers from collecting genetic information in compliance with the Family Medical Leave Act.
Question 3 (1 point)
Consumer vulnerability occurs when
Question 3 options:
A) a person has access to too much information about a product and the market exchange process.
B) the consumer is treated as an end in itself.
C) a person has an impaired ability to make an informed consent to the market exchange.
D) there are too many manufacturers in the market.
Question 4 (1 point)
Marketing experts consider stealth marketing extraordinarily effective because
Question 4 options:
A) the consumer's guard isn't down while accepting the message.
B) consumers don't question the message as they might challenge a traditional advertising campaign.
C) consumers seek out the communicator's vested interest.
D) consumers don't see the communication as too personal and often tend to trust an advertisement or other marketing material much more than they would trust the communicator.
Question 5 (1 point)
Drug testing in the workplace
Question 5 options:
A) requires employees to disclose all use of prescription and over-the-counter drugs.
B) has had no legal issues relating to monitoring employees.
C) tends to provide a productivity benefit for companies.
D) allows employees to control their environment.
Question 6 (1 point)
The European Union's Directive on Personal Data Protection
Question 6 options:
A) prohibits EU firms from transferring personal information to a non-EU country unless that country maintains "adequate protections" of its own.
B) also is known as the European Union Safe Harbor Act.
C) states that the United States is the only nonmember country that maintains "adequate protection" of personal data.
D) encourages member countries to maintain myriad standards for information gathering and protection.
Question 7 (1 point)
In the context of the government-regulated ethics approach to health and safety, government standards
Question 7 options:
A) prevent employees from facing the fundamentally coercive choice between job and safety.
B) are set based on assumptions rather than best available scientific knowledge, and thus add to market failures that result from insufficient information. (Incorrect)
C) address the "first generation" problem of the market-controlled approach to health and safety by focusing on compensation rather than prevention.
D) favor individual bargaining between employers and employees as the approach to workplace health and safety.
Question 8 (1 point)
Critics in both industry and government argue that OSHA should aim to achieve the optimal, rather than the highest, level of safety.________analysis can be used to achieve this goal.
Question 8 options:
A) Cost-minimization
B) Cost-benefit
C) Cost-utility
D) Cost-effectiveness
Question 9 (1 point)
Which of the following is the ethical basis for implied warranty of merchantability?
Question 9 options:
A) Consumers understand products fully, and they're free to choose not to purchase certain things.
B) A prudent business will never seek to limit its liability by explicitly disowning any promise or warranty.
C) Manufacturers wouldn't sell a product if they had reason to believe that their product would harm consumers during normal use.
D) Consumers wouldn't consent to purchase a product if they had reason to believe that they would be harmed by it during normal use.
Question 10 (1 point)
Some companies have a/an________policy, under which an employer may refuse to hire a worker whose spouse already works at the same firm.
Question 10 options:
A) conflict-of-interest (Incorrect)
B) antinepotism
C) antitrust
D) antifraternization
Question 11 (1 point)
Which of the following is one of the challenges in the acceptable risk approach?
Question 11 options:
A) It assumes an equivalency between workplace risks and other types of risks when there are significant differences between them.
B) It treats health and safety merely as an instrumental value and denies its intrinsic value.
C) It's a liberal approach to workplace health and safety that allows employees to recognize the risks they're likely to face.
D) It involves the determination of relative risks, the calculation of which is a complicated process and not always reliable.
Question 12 (1 point)
When approaching an ethical issue in marketing, the utilitarian tradition would want to know
Question 12 options:
A) the degree to which individuals freely participate in an exchange.
B) the degree to which a transaction provided actual as opposed to apparent benefits.
C) about the personal characters of the parties involved in the exchange.
D) about other values that are affected by the exchange.
Question 13 (1 point)
The term "sweatshops" refers to workplaces where
Question 13 options:
A) employee interests are protected from being subjected to utilitarian and financial calculations.
B) employees lack even the most basic health and safety protections.
C) employers constantly supervise and evaluate employees.
D) employers treat employees well as a means of producing workplace harmony.
Question 14 (1 point)
Which of the following statements is true of the right to privacy?
Question 14 options:
A) It isn't related to liberty and autonomy.
B) It's provided only for certain sections of society.
C) It can be legally protected by the Constitution.
D) It isn't restricted by any social contract.
Question 15 (1 point)
The________approach holds that the only responsibility of a business is to provide a good or service at an agreed-upon price.
Question 15 options:
A) merchantability
B) caveat venditor
C) implied warranty
D) caveat emptor
Question 16 (1 point)
The issue of workplace bullying is more common in the service sector because that sector
Question 16 options:
A) lacks the right of due process.
B) has a strong hierarchy of authority.
C) contains organizations that are mostly decentralized.
D) relies significantly on interpersonal relationships and interaction.
Question 17 (1 point)
A behavioral psychologist is most likely to claim that advertising
Question 17 options:
A) can control consumers' behavior by controlling their choices.
B) can't create nonautonomous behavior in consumers.
C) can't violate consumer autonomy by controlling consumer behavior.
D) can control consumers' behavior by providing them with all the relevant information.
Question 18 (1 point)
Strict product liability laws in the United States
Question 18 options:
A) are highly favored by the business community.
B) hold a business responsible for any harm from product use, even if it isn't the result of business negligence.
C) ensure that the government must pay consumers in situations where neither the producer nor the consumer is at fault.
D) are similar to the strict liability standards adopted by the European Union.
Question 19 (1 point)
Manipulation focuses on which of the following?
Question 19 options:
A) total control of direction or management.
B) deceiving a person.
C) guiding or directing behavior.
D) taking total control over an individual's actions.
Question 20 (1 point)
Which of the following statements is true of the Hawthorne Effect?
Question 20 options:
A) It occurs only when the mechanisms used to monitor employees are unethical.
B) It holds that workers show poor performance when they know they're being monitored.
C) It holds that managers shouldn't monitor their employees in any situations.
D) It maintains that workers' productivity improves when they're singled out.
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